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HID API

Overview

The HID (Human Interface Device) system in MatrixOS allows the device to act as a USB HID device, emulating keyboards, gamepads, and custom communication protocols. The HID API is available as MatrixOS.HID with various submodules for different device types.

The Python HID API is implemented in Applications/Python/PikaPython/MatrixOS_HID.py with type hints in Applications/Python/PikaPython/_MatrixOS_HID.pyi.

Core HID Functions

`MatrixOS.HID.Ready`

def Ready() -> bool

Checks if the HID subsystem is ready for operation.

Returns:

bool: True if HID is ready, False otherwise

Example:

if MatrixOS.HID.Ready():
    print("HID system is ready")
    # Safe to use HID functionality
else:
    print("HID system not available")

HID Submodules

Keyboard API - Keyboard Input Device

The keyboard HID interface allows sending keyboard input to connected devices. See the Keyboard documentation for detailed information on:

Key press and release events
Keyboard shortcuts and combinations
Text input simulation
Function keys and special keys

Example:

if MatrixOS.HID.Ready():
    # Type the letter 'A'
    MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Tap(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_A)

    # Send Ctrl+C shortcut
    MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Press(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_LEFT_CTRL)
    MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Press(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_C)
    MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Release(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_C)
    MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Release(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_LEFT_CTRL)

Gamepad API - Game Controller Device

The gamepad HID interface allows the device to appear as a game controller. See the Gamepad documentation for detailed information on:

Button mapping and states
Analog stick simulation
D-pad controls
Gamepad-specific features

RawHID API - Custom HID Communication

The raw HID interface provides custom communication protocols. See the RawHID documentation for detailed information on:

Custom data protocols
Bidirectional communication
Application-specific messaging
Raw data transmission

HID Device Management

Checking HID Status

def check_hid_status():
    """Check if various HID interfaces are ready"""
    if MatrixOS.HID.Ready():
        print("✓ HID system is ready")

        # Test keyboard availability
        try:
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Tap(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_A)
            print("✓ Keyboard HID working")
        except:
            print("✗ Keyboard HID not available")
    else:
        print("✗ HID system not ready")

check_hid_status()

HID Mode Detection

def detect_hid_capabilities():
    """Detect available HID capabilities"""

    capabilities = {
        "keyboard": False,
        "gamepad": False,
        "rawhid": False
    }

    if MatrixOS.HID.Ready():
        # Test each HID interface
        try:
            # Test keyboard
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Press(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_A)
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Release(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_A)
            capabilities["keyboard"] = True
        except:
            pass

        # Additional capability tests would go here

    return capabilities

caps = detect_hid_capabilities()
print("Available HID capabilities:", caps)

Integration Examples

def multi_modal_controller():
    """Example of using multiple HID interfaces"""

    mode = "keyboard"  # keyboard, gamepad

    print(f"Multi-modal HID controller - Mode: {mode}")
    print("Press keys to interact, key 63 to switch modes")

    while True:
        if not MatrixOS.HID.Ready():
            print("HID not ready, retrying...")
            MatrixOS.SYS.DelayMs(1000)
            continue

        key_event = MatrixOS.KeyPad.Get(100)
        if key_event is not None:
            key_id = key_event.ID()
            key_info = key_event.KeyInfo()

            if key_info.Active():
                if key_id == 63:  # Mode switch key
                    modes = ["keyboard", "gamepad"]
                    current_idx = modes.index(mode)
                    mode = modes[(current_idx + 1) % len(modes)]
                    print(f"Switched to {mode} mode")

                elif mode == "keyboard":
                    # Keyboard mode - map keys to letters
                    if key_id < 26:  # A-Z
                        keycode = getattr(KeyboardKeycode, f"KEY_{chr(65 + key_id)}")
                        MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Tap(keycode)

                elif mode == "gamepad":
                    # Gamepad mode - map to gamepad buttons
                    print(f"Gamepad button {key_id} pressed")

multi_modal_controller()

Keyboard Macro System

def keyboard_macro_system():
    """Keyboard macro system using HID interface"""

    macros = {
        # Keyboard macros
        0: {"name": "Copy", "action": "ctrl+c"},
        1: {"name": "Paste", "action": "ctrl+v"},
        2: {"name": "Undo", "action": "ctrl+z"},
        3: {"name": "Redo", "action": "ctrl+y"},
        8: {"name": "Select All", "action": "ctrl+a"},
        9: {"name": "Save", "action": "ctrl+s"},
        10: {"name": "Find", "action": "ctrl+f"},
        16: {"name": "Alt+Tab", "action": "alt+tab"},
    }

    def execute_macro(macro):
        """Execute a keyboard macro"""
        action = macro["action"]

        if action == "ctrl+c":
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Press(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_LEFT_CTRL)
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Tap(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_C)
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Release(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_LEFT_CTRL)
        elif action == "ctrl+v":
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Press(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_LEFT_CTRL)
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Tap(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_V)
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Release(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_LEFT_CTRL)
        elif action == "ctrl+z":
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Press(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_LEFT_CTRL)
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Tap(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_Z)
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Release(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_LEFT_CTRL)
        elif action == "ctrl+y":
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Press(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_LEFT_CTRL)
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Tap(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_Y)
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Release(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_LEFT_CTRL)
        elif action == "ctrl+a":
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Press(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_LEFT_CTRL)
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Tap(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_A)
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Release(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_LEFT_CTRL)
        elif action == "ctrl+s":
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Press(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_LEFT_CTRL)
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Tap(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_S)
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Release(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_LEFT_CTRL)
        elif action == "ctrl+f":
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Press(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_LEFT_CTRL)
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Tap(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_F)
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Release(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_LEFT_CTRL)
        elif action == "alt+tab":
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Press(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_LEFT_ALT)
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Tap(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_TAB)
            MatrixOS.HID.Keyboard.Release(KeyboardKeycode.KEY_LEFT_ALT)

    print("Keyboard Macro System Active")
    print("Available macros:")
    for key_id, macro in macros.items():
        xy = MatrixOS.KeyPad.ID2XY(key_id)
        print(f"  Key ({xy.x},{xy.y}): {macro['name']}")

    # Light up macro keys
    for key_id in macros.keys():
        xy = MatrixOS.KeyPad.ID2XY(key_id)
        MatrixOS.LED.SetColor(xy, Color(0, 255, 0), 150)
    MatrixOS.LED.Update(255)

    while True:
        if MatrixOS.HID.Ready():
            key_event = MatrixOS.KeyPad.Get(100)
            if key_event is not None:
                key_id = key_event.ID()
                key_info = key_event.KeyInfo()

                if key_info.Active() and key_id in macros:
                    print(f"Executing macro: {macros[key_id]['name']}")
                    execute_macro(macros[key_id])

                    # Visual feedback
                    xy = MatrixOS.KeyPad.ID2XY(key_id)
                    MatrixOS.LED.SetColor(xy, Color(255, 255, 255), 255)
                    MatrixOS.LED.Update(255)
                    MatrixOS.SYS.DelayMs(150)
                    MatrixOS.LED.SetColor(xy, Color(0, 255, 0), 150)
                    MatrixOS.LED.Update(255)

keyboard_macro_system()

HID Modes and Behavior

The HID functionality depends on various system conditions:

USB Connection: Most HID functionality requires active USB connection
Host OS Support: Different operating systems may handle HID devices differently
Device Configuration: HID capabilities depend on device configuration and build options
Interface Priority: Some HID interfaces may have priority over others
Power Management: HID operation may affect power consumption and sleep modes

Check the specific MatrixOS configuration and device capabilities for detailed HID mode support.

Overview​

Core HID Functions​

MatrixOS.HID.Ready​

HID Submodules​

Keyboard API - Keyboard Input Device​

Gamepad API - Game Controller Device​

RawHID API - Custom HID Communication​

HID Device Management​

Checking HID Status​

HID Mode Detection​

Integration Examples​

Multi-Modal HID Controller​

Keyboard Macro System​

HID Modes and Behavior​

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